Aralam(Kannur): Marking the beginning of yet another season
of butterfly migration, Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary in Kannur District of Kerala
witnessed a large congregation of Dark blue tiger, Common crow and Double banded crow butterflies of Daniane family at Pothanplavu area of the sanctuary
during the second week of January.
According to sources in the Malabar Natural History Society,
a Calicut based nature organization which conducts a routine butterfly survey
at the sanctuary with the support of Kerala Forests and Wild Life Department to
observe and document migration, there could be more than 3 lakh butterflies
roosting at Pothanplavu area only. During the survey, at least two similar roosts
were reported at different places in the sanctuary. According to sources, the
roosting flies could be a part of large flocks of butterflies which were
reported migrating from Nadukani plains of the Nilambur forest during last week.
A roost or congregation is a group of butterflies which perch
on trees or plants, often with limited physical activities and with almost no
feeding. Usually butterflies do not shift their roosting sites every year, so roosts
were earlier observed in Aralam almost in the same places during migration
season.
“During a roost, migrating butterflies live through weeks with limited
or no activity like feeding.” says Dr. Jafer Palot who has conducted studies
about the butterfly migration in the Kerala part of Western Ghats. “However, we
have observed mating behavior among roosting butterflies”, he said during a lecture
to the team members who took part in the survey.
Butterfly roost at Aralam WLS: Video Clip
Common Albatross migration at Aralam Wild life Sanctuary
The survey teams have also reported that the migration rates
of Albatross butterflies from the sanctuary was more this year during the
survey days, unlike last year. According to a press release issued by MNHS, a
peak point of Common Albatross Migration was observed this year with a maximum count
of more than 500 butterflies in 5 minutes time, all along the Cheenganni River
of the Park. Last year, the rate was very minimal, mainly owing to the shrinking
of mud puddling sites, according to sources.
According to researchers and volunteers who took part in the
survey, groups of migrating common albatross butterflies were often followed by
Bluebottle, Great Orange Tip and Painted Saw-tooth butterflies.
The butterfly migration here is usually observed during the end of the winter season and before the starting of summer.The phenomenon has been
routinely observed by the annual butterfly survey for the last twelve years. The survey is the only one to be conducted in any protected areas in India for such a long period to record the changing butterfly diversity
and migration patterns.
Butterfly migration
in South India: Changing notions
Despite 12 years of documentation, the mystery of butterfly
migration in the Kerala part of Western Ghats in general and that to and from
Aralam WLS remains an unsolved mystery for many reasons. Though the migratory behavior
among butterflies were thoroughly studied in many countries (the monarch
migration from US to Canada, for instance), the scholars in the country are yet
to crack the nut of complete secrets of these winged travelers.
Butterflies in mud puddling during migration |
“In the early years we thought that the migration flocks
going through the sanctuary were actually coming from Wayanda and were going to
Kodagu in Karnataka through Kottiyoor. However, with the information network
getting wider and people from different parts of the state alert us on any sight
of butterfly swarms moving in particular direction for prolonged period of
time, we now know that the phenomenon is not restricted to a single route or region”,
says Dr. Palot. During their later studies, they have found that the phenomenon
can be mainly connected with altitude, since the general pattern of Common Albatross
migration shows that the flies are moving from high altitude to low altitude
and vice versa during specific seasons.
Though the phenomenon is more correctly understood as altitude
migration now, many questions are still left unanswered. During surveys in 2008,
more than 5000 butterflies were recorded moving down the stream every five
minutes, making a rough figure of 4 lakh butterflies during the season. “We
don’t know how this much butterflies come up together at a time during the
season”, says a researcher. “Neither do
we know where they flies disappear”, adds he.
“There should be sorts
of factory run by nature which produces this much lakhs of butterflies upstream
to trigger large scale migrations,” said Dr Palot while interacting with the
survey teams. It needs thorough investigations, he said.
Dark Blue Tiger (Tirumala septentrionis) and Crow butterflies roosting at Aralam WLS |
Pale Four- Line Blue
reported from Aralam WLS
According to MNHS sources, the survey has also added a new species
to the butterfly diversity of the sanctuary, with one team spotting and
photographing ‘Pale Four-Line Blue’ from the sanctuary for the first time in
the past 12 years of the survey. With the new report, the sanctuary has 244
different butterfly species, which makes it one among the top protected areas
in the country for its butterfly diversity.
The survey has also recorded more than 140 species of
butterflies from the sanctuary, with rare sightings like Red Spot Duke, Common Onyx,
and the Western Ghats endemic Malabar Tree Nymph. As many as 84 butterfly
watchers from Kerala and Karnataka took part in the camp.
nice blog post...
ReplyDeleteJaivin,
DeleteGlad to know that you liked our blog. Thanks for the comment.
Saw a huge swarm of Dark blue tigers in a grassland in the Brahmagiri range (near perumal peak). May be they were on their way to Aralam WLS
ReplyDeleteDear Rao,
DeleteMay be. Though we have better organised networks of birders to study the movement of migrating birds, we are yet to clearly understand the movement of migrating butterflies.
Hii...where is this place exactly? were the butterflies moving or roosting? im working on butterflies in kodagu...
ReplyDeleteHi Deepak,
DeleteThe place is inside Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary, a small wildlife sanctuary in the Kannur District of Kerala. No, the butterflies(the tigers) were actually roosting, but when visitors disturbed them, they started flying. but actually they were roosting. However, the albatross butterflies were moving downstream through Cheekani river.
is there only one species of albatross,,,and if any do all the species shows this migaratory behaviour ??
ReplyDeleteVineesh,
DeleteIn fact, we are not very sure about it. However, we have seen common albatross in large numbers in Aralam during migration seasons. However, chocolate albatross are also found joining them, though in small numbers.
Hope that helps.